Vannevar Bush's 1945 report to President Truman, commissioned by FDR before his death. It argued that government should fund basic scientific research in peacetime the way it had funded military research in wartime, and laid the groundwork for the creation of the National Science Foundation. Famous for its line about unleashing "the full creative and productive energies of the American people," and still quoted whenever people argue about how big bets on research get made.